what is functional app

[hassannasir]

Mein mobile application development ki field mein interested hoon. Kindly detail mein bata dein ke programming ki field mein kisi bhi app ke functional hony se kiya muraad hy? kon sa app functional hota hy? functional requirements aur non functional mein kiya difference hy?

[Haseeb Alamgir]

Functional testing checks the application's processes against a set of requirements or specifications.

Non-functional testing assesses application properties that aren't critical to functionality but contribute to the end-user experience, like performance and reliability under load.

[Haseeb Alamgir]

Functional testing compares actual outputs against expected behaviors. This provides a clearer overall picture than testing individual modules in isolation. Interactions between modules are frequently the points where errors occur. Functional testing often includes testing portions of the underlying code.

There are many types of functional testing:

Unit testing (which can also be used for non-functional testing)
Integration testing
User acceptance testing
Closed-box testing

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Non-functional testing assesses application properties that aren’t critical to functionality but contribute to the end-user experience. Performance and reliability under load aren’t functional components of a software system but can certainly make or break the user experience. Something that fails a non-functional test doesn’t always cause an issue that users would notice, but it can indicate a problem in the system — especially at scale.

There are many types of non-functional tests:

Performance testing
Load testing
Usability testing
Security testing

[Haseeb Alamgir]

Functional tests confirm that the code is doing the right things, while non-functional tests validate that the code is doing things the right way. Both types contain methodologies for validating front-end and back-end elements and behaviors. There is some overlap between the two categories in the kinds of tests a developer might run.

Functional testing suites are the more strictly necessary of the two categories. Software solutions must solve the problems they target. The implementation details and performance metrics that non-functional testing targets are often secondary matters of refinement. A robust testing methodology also accounts for these factors, especially if scaling is a priority.

Functional testing is often expensive to write and maintain and slow to execute. Many developers rely most heavily on unit tests, because they aid test-driven development and often lead to self-documenting code. These tests are quick to execute and easy to modify when the code requirements change. Even with modern tools like Selenium, methods like closed-box testing take a long time to run and write.

The most neutral approach to testing choices includes a comprehensive mix of functional and non-functional testing. Many developers follow the “testing pyramid,” which guides them to write the bulk of their tests as unit tests, since they are quick to write and execute.

As they advance up the pyramid, developers implement lower volumes of methods like integration testing and then progress toward practices like user acceptance testing at the end. Eventually, they top the pyramid more sparingly with testing methods that offer lower returns relative to their implementation costs.

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Functional tests confirm that the code is doing the right things, while non-functional tests validate that the code is doing things the right way. Both types contain methodologies for validating front-end and back-end elements and behaviors. There is some overlap between the two categories in the kinds of tests a developer might run.

Functional testing suites are the more strictly necessary of the two categories. Software solutions must solve the problems they target. The implementation details and performance metrics that non-functional testing targets are often secondary matters of refinement. A robust testing methodology also accounts for these factors, especially if scaling is a priority.

Functional testing is often expensive to write and maintain and slow to execute. Many developers rely most heavily on unit tests, because they aid test-driven development and often lead to self-documenting code. These tests are quick to execute and easy to modify when the code requirements change. Even with modern tools like Selenium, methods like closed-box testing take a long time to run and write.

The most neutral approach to testing choices includes a comprehensive mix of functional and non-functional testing. Many developers follow the ?testing pyramid,? which guides them to write the bulk of their tests as unit tests, since they are quick to write and execute.

As they advance up the pyramid, developers implement lower volumes of methods like integration testing and then progress toward practices like user acceptance testing at the end. Eventually, they top the pyramid more sparingly with testing methods that offer lower returns relative to their implementation costs.

[Haseeb Alamgir]

Conclusion
There is no one-size-fits-all solution to testing software applications. It is too rigid to say that the functional method is better than non-functional or the other way around.

Non-functional testing is just as necessary as tests that validate functionality. Many teams consider non-functional testing a lower priority because the improvements it provides are less dramatic. A user may be annoyed if performance degrades, but they may still be able to use the software application.

On the other hand, when functionality is broken, users may not be able to use the features they need at all. This, combined with shorter execution times and lower cost makes functional tests the foundation for many teams’ software testing processes.

Still, non-functional tests play a critical role, and your team should find ways to incorporate them. An excellent testing suite will validate a broad set of non-functional characteristics and components, including performance and usability.

To learn more about testing and how you can further incorporate good testing practices with your continuous integration tools, explore some of the testing tools that integrate with CircleCI.

[hassannasir]

thanks. aap ne bohat si aisi terms use ki hain jin se mein familiar nahi hoon jese ke unit tests aur use cases. aap ne functional requirements aur non-functional requirements ke baray mein detail se bataya. Kindly detail mein bata dein ke programming ki field mein kisi bhi app ke functional hony se kiya muraad hy?