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Thread: mujhey assignment dena hai plz help

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    faizan341 is offline Senior Member+
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    Default mujhey assignment dena hai plz help

    mesh topology kya hoti hai or tree topology kya hoti hai

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    hussainsolangi is offline Junior Member
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    Exclamation Pta naheen.

    Humen nahin pta.

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    Wait hum information collect kar ke batate hen.
    ~* W@R T!ll D3@t|-| *~
    ~* I'll Win Not Immediately But Definitely *~

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    Mesh Topolgy:
    Its a type of Networking
    A Mesh Topology is taking your network and connecting every location together with all other locations. This would mean if you have three locations or buildings then each building will connect to the other two buildings which makes a mesh. This builds fault tolerance and keeps your network connected 100% with all locations.





    Some Explanation: (Mesh Topolgy)
    In mesh network, each node is directly connected to all nodes on the network. This type of network involves the concept of routes. In this type of network, each node may send message to destination through multiple paths. It means that each node of mesh network has several possible paths to send (or to receive) message, but in Bus, Star, Ring and Tree topologies each node has only one path.


    Advantages

    Mesh topology has the following advantages:
    It has multiple links, so if one route is blocked then other routes can be used for data communication.
    Each connection can have its own data load, so the traffic problem is eliminated.
    It ensures the data privacy or security, because every message travels along a dedicated link.
    Troubleshooting of this topology is easy as compared to other networks.
    Its performance is not affected with heavy load of data transmission.

    Disadvantages

    Mesh topology has the following disadvantages:
    It becomes very expensive because a large number of cabling and 110 ports are required.
    It is difficult to install.





    Tree Topolgy:
    Also known as a star bus topology, tree topology is one of the most common types of network setups that is similar to a bus topology and a star topology. A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the star topology.




    Some Explanation: (Tree Topolgy)
    In tree network, the nodes are connected to each other in such a way that forms a tree like structure. Typically to form a tree network, multiple star topologies are combined together. This type of network has combined features of bus and star topology.

    On tree topology the hubs of each star topology are connected to the central hub that controls the entire network. However, some nodes can be directly connected to the central hub. The tree topology configuration is shown in figure below.

    The central Hub in the tree network is an active hub. It contains a repeater (a hardware device), which re-generates the received bit patterns. The secondary hubs usually are passive hubs. The passive hub controls the nodes directly connected to it and exchange data to other devices connected to the other secondary hubs (or same hub) through the central hub. The secondary hub may also be active hub if another secondary hub is directly connected to it. The cable TV network is an example of tree topology, where main cable is divided into, branches and each branch is further divided into smaller branches and so on. The hub is used when a branch is created.


    Advantages


    The tree topology has the same advantages as star topology but it has some additional advantages. These are.
    It allows more devices to be connected to the central Hub.

    Disadvantages

    The tree topology also has the same disadvantages as star topology built has some additional disadvantages such as:
    It because more expansive because more hubs are required to install the network.

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    Basically, topology is the modern version of geometry, the study of all different sorts of spaces. The thing that distinguishes different kinds of geometry from each other (including topology here as a kind of geometry) is in the kinds of transformations that are allowed before you really consider something changed. (This point of view was first suggested by Felix Klein, a famous German mathematician of the late 1800 and early 1900's.)

    In ordinary Euclidean geometry, you can move things around and flip them over, but you can't stretch or bend them. This is called "congruence" in geometry class. Two things are congruent if you can lay one on top of the other in such a way that they exactly match.

    In projective geometry, invented during the Renaissance to understand perspective drawing, two things are considered the same if they are both views of the same object. For example, look at a plate on a table from directly above the table, and the plate looks round, like a circle. But walk away a few feet and look at it, and it looks much wider than long, like an ellipse, because of the angle you're at. The ellipse and circle are projectively equivalent.

    This is one reason it is hard to learn to draw. The eye and the mind work projectively. They look at this elliptical plate on the table, and think it's a circle, because they know what happens when you look at things at an angle like that. To learn to draw, you have to learn to draw an ellipse even though your mind is saying `circle', so you can draw what you really see, instead of `what you know it is'.

    In topology, any continuous change which can be continuously undone is allowed. So a circle is the same as a triangle or a square, because you just `pull on' parts of the circle to make corners and then straighten the sides, to change a circle into a square. Then you just `smooth it out' to turn it back into a circle. These two processes are continuous in the sense that during each of them, nearby points at the start are still nearby at the end.

    The circle isn't the same as a figure 8, because although you can squash the middle of a circle together to make it into a figure 8 continuously, when you try to undo it, you have to break the connection in the middle and this is discontinuous: points that are all near the center of the eight end up split into two batches, on opposite sides of the circle, far apart.

    Another example: a plate and a bowl are the same topologically, because you can just flatten the bowl into the plate. At least, this is true if you use clay which is still soft and hasn't been fired yet. Once they're fired they become Euclidean rather than topological, because you can't flatten the bowl any longer without breaking it.

    Topology is almost the most basic form of geometry there is. It is used in nearly all branches of mathematics in one form or another. There is an even more basic form of geometry called homotopy theory, which is what I actually study most of the time. We use topology to describe homotopy, but in homotopy theory we allow so many different transformations that the result is more like algebra than like topology. This turns out to be convenient though, because once it is a kind of algebra, you can do calculations, and really sort things out! And, surprisingly, many things depend only on this more basic structure (homotopy type), rather than on the topological type of the space, so the calculations turn out to be quite useful in solving problems in geometry of many sorts.

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    MESH TOPOLOGY
    Also called mesh topology or a mesh network, mesh is a network topology in which devices are connected with many redundant interconnections between network nodes. In a true mesh topology every node has a connection to every other node in the network.








    There are two types of mesh topologies: full mesh and partial mesh.


    Full mesh topology occurs when every node has a circuit connecting it to every other node in a network. Full mesh is very expensive to implement but yields the greatest amount of redundancy, so in the event that one of those nodes fails, network traffic can be directed to any of the other nodes. Full mesh is usually reserved for backbone networks.


    Partial mesh topology is less expensive to implement and yields less redundancy than full mesh topology. With partial mesh, some nodes are organized in a full mesh scheme but others are only connected to one or two in the network. Partial mesh topology is commonly found in peripheral networks connected to a full meshed backbone.

    For network diagrams, see Network Topology Diagrams in the Quick Reference section of Webopedia.

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    TREE TOPOLOGY
    Also known as a star bus topology, tree topology is one of the most common types of network setups that is similar to a bus topology and a star topology. A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the star topology.



    In the above example picture if the main cable or trunk between each of the two star topology networks failed, those networks would be unable to communicate with each other. However, computers on the same star topology would still be able to communicate with each other.

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    Network topologies describe the ways in which the elements of a network are mapped. They describe the physical and logical arrangement of the network nodes. Let us look at the advantages the different network topologies offer and get to know their shortfalls.

    Bus Topology

    Advantages of Bus Topology
    It is easy to handle and implement.
    It is best suited for small networks.

    Disadvantages of Bus Topology
    The cable length is limited. This limits the number of stations that can be connected.
    This network topology can perform well only for a limited number of nodes.

    Ring Topology

    Advantage of Ring Topology
    The data being transmitted between two nodes passes through all the intermediate nodes. A central server is not required for the management of this topology.

    Disadvantages of Ring Topology
    The failure of a single node of the network can cause the entire network to fail.
    The movement or changes made to network nodes affects the performance of the entire network.

    Mesh Topology

    Advantage of Mesh Topology
    The arrangement of the network nodes is such that it is possible to transmit data from one node to many other nodes at the same time.

    Disadvantage of Mesh Topology
    The arrangement wherein every network node is connected to every other node of the network, many of the connections serve no major purpose. This leads to the redundancy of many of the network connections.

    Star Topology

    Advantages of Star Topology
    Due to its centralized nature, the topology offers simplicity of operation.
    It also achieves an isolation of each device in the network.

    Disadvantage of Star Topology
    The network operation depends on the functioning of the central hub. Hence, the failure of the central hub leads to the failure of the entire network.

    For a detailed description of the various network topologies, you must go through the different types of network topologies.

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    Ab thanks kaa button dabana mat bhuliega jii.
    Kitni mehnat kii hai hum ne, sirf itd ki taraki ke lie.

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    Nice information concerning Networking. Keep it up

    Asif Naveed

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    nice

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    faizan341 is offline Senior Member+
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    ap logon ka kaisey shukria ada karun kuch samajh nahin ata filhal allah tala apko iski jaza dega

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