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Thread: Please help me about these Topics...!

  1. #1
    Silentjan's Avatar
    Silentjan is offline Senior Member
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    Default Please help me about these Topics...!


    mey aik assignment bana raha hoon, aik do topic aagaye hein jin mey mujhey kuch mushkilaat aagai hein..
    mey ney net par saerch kiya lakin kahin se nahi miley..!

    Topic IT related hein to socha q na apne pyare forum me phoocha jaye!!

    1: Examples of" Mainframe computer's Operating system".
    2: Which Operating system uses "Router and Switches".


  2. #2
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    ajee no answer yet????????????

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    Dil_Shah is offline Senior Member
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    01.
    Just like the keyboard and mouse are the interface between the computer and the user, the operating system is the interface between the computer and the software. The operating system acts like a traffic cop pushing and pulling data to and from memory, registers, input and output devices and the processor. A mainframe operating system simply is an operating system (OS) on a mainframe computer, a powerful device used mainly by governments and businesses to process large amounts of information and support a great number of users.

    In the 1950s, before desktop computers and long before laptops, all computing was done on mainframe computers. These computers could take up a whole room and do less work than a modern laptop computer. As a matter of fact, early computers were designed to only do a single job or run a single program. For this reason, they didn’t need a mainframe operating system.

    As computer programs got more complicated and computer hardware less expensive, it became more effective to build computers that could run more than one type of program. To enable this, computer engineers had to develop a way that the computer could adapt itself to a new and different program. From this, the mainframe operating system was born.

    One of the functions of a mainframe operating system in its early days was reading punch cards. On those computers, not only was there no mouse, there was no keyboard. All input into the computer came from cards with holes punched in them. The position of the holes determined the data that was being input. The OS read each of these cards and translated them into the binary data that the computer understood.

    This old computer input method is a good example of what an operating system does. If a computer program is looking for a series of numbers, for example, it doesn’t care where it gets them. It could be punch cards, a keyboard or voice recognition software. The operating system takes the number from the input device and hands it off to the program, which then uses it as needed.
    Related topics

    It was in these early days of operating system functionality that aspects that remained in use into the 21st century were first pioneered. Concepts such as batch processing, multitasking, buffering and spooling were first introduced in mainframe operating systems of the 1950s. Mainframe operating systems used in systems such as those giant room-sized computers seen in old photographs are what will enable people to read Internet articles on the smart phones of the future.

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    Dil_Shah is offline Senior Member
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    2
    A switch sorts and distributes the network packets sent between the devices on a local area network (LAN), while a router is a gateway that connects two or more networks, which can be any combination of LANs, wide area networks (WAN), or the Internet. In addition, a router uses tables to determine the best path to use to distribute the network packets it receives, and a protocol such as ICMP to communicate with other routers. A router is a significantly more complicated device than a switch--essentially a specialized computer--and more advanced models may use a reconfigurable operating system such as Linux, rather than firmware coded directly into the hardware. Both routers and switches operate on layers 2 and 3 of the OSI model.


    In an enterprise environment, routers and switches are separate physical devices dedicated to their specific tasks. However, typical "broadband routers" for the home and small office are actually multifunction devices that combine the capabilities of a router, a switch, and (usually) a firewall into one box. In addition to routing traffic between the Internet and the LAN, they also handle switching for packets between devices on the LAN, and often add additional features such as port forwarding and triggering, a DMZ, a DHCP server, a DNS proxy, and/or network address translation. In addition, "wi-fi routers" add a wireless access point.


    Note: A hub is even simpler than a switch. Instead of inspecting the packets that it encounters and sending them to the correct destination device, it just forwards them to all connected devices.


    In short, Router routes any traffic comes to it & Switch provides local services to local user's in LAN but some special Switches are out their that work for both LAN & WAN. They are much expensive and used by the big Organizations.

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    Dil_Shah is offline Senior Member
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    May b main aap ki help kar sakon ... may b not.

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    Quote dil_shah said: View Post
    May b main aap ki help kar sakon ... may b not.
    bhai mey in se kuch points leta hoon oske liye shukria
    par zara intazar karta hon ke baqi dost kuch suggest kartey hein ke nahi

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    Its ok brother. No thankx. m searching. kuch b milta hay to aap ko send karta hon

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